Measles

What you need to know

Measles is a highly contagious, potentially life-threatening virus that is preventable through vaccination. With outbreaks of cases happening in multiple U.S. states, it’s important to stay informed and protect yourself and your loved ones.

For more detailed information from state health officials, visit the Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment (CDPHE) measles page: CDPHE Measles Information.

Why is measles so dangerous?

Measles isn’t just a rash and fever — it can lead to severe complications, especially in young children, pregnant women and those with weakened immune systems. Possible complications include pneumonia, brain swelling (encephalitis) and even death.

How does measles spread?

The virus spreads easily through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes. It can remain active and contagious in the air for up to two hours after the infected person has left the area.

What are the symptoms?

child with measles rash

Symptoms usually appear 7–14 days after exposure and include:

  • High fever
  • Cough
  • Runny nose
  • Red, watery eyes
  • A red rash that starts on the face and spreads to the rest of the body

If you feel you might be sick with measles, please visit your closest UCHealth Urgent Care, but please make sure to call first.

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How can I protect myself and my family?

Get vaccinated. The MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) vaccine is safe and highly effective. Two doses provide 97% protection.


Check your immunity. If you’re not sure whether you or your child are vaccinated, contact your health care provider.


Avoid contact with infected people. If you suspect exposure or have symptoms, call your doctor before visiting a health care facility to prevent spreading the virus and wear a mask.

Am I immune to measles?

You’re considered immune to measles if:

  • You were born before 1957.
  • You have proof of immunity. This means you meet one of the following criteria:
    • Vaccination records: You’ve received 2 documented doses of the measles vaccine (MMR, MMRV, or measles vaccine).
    • Positive antibody blood test: A blood test showing you have measles antibodies (Rubeola Antibody positive).
    • Lab-confirmed past infection: A lab test confirming you had measles in the past (Measles PCR positive or Measles IgM positive).

Measles vaccine recommendations

child getting vaccine
  • Most people 12 months and older should get 2 doses of the measles vaccine (MMR or MMRV), spaced at least 28 days apart.
  • If you’ve had 2 doses, you’re considered immune and don’t need a blood test to confirm.
  • If you’ve only had 1 dose, get another dose.
  • If you’re not sure how many doses you’ve had
    • You can get a blood test to check for measles antibodies (Rubeola Antibody). If it’s positive, you’re immune.
    • You can get another MMR vaccine, just to be sure — it’s safe to get an extra dose.

If you would like to check your vaccination status or receive a vaccine, please look for a primary care location near you.

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Who should NOT get the measles vaccine?

Do not get the vaccine if you:

  • Are severely allergic to any part of the vaccine or had a bad reaction to a previous dose.
  • Are taking high doses of steroid medication (talk to your doctor).
  • Have a family history of certain immune deficiencies (talk to your doctor).
  • Are pregnant.

Talk to your doctor before getting the vaccine if you:

  • Have a weakened immune system (immunocompromised).
  • Have a moderate or severe illness.
  • Have an alpha-gal allergy.
  • Recently received blood products containing antibodies.
  • Have a history of TTP (thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura).
  • Are planning on getting a TB skin test or IGRA test.
  • Are taking aspirin.
  • Have a personal or family history of seizures.
  • Are taking antiviral medications within 24 hours of getting the vaccine.
  • Have HIV.

Frequently asked questions

Is measles deadly?

Yes — while most people recover, complications like pneumonia, brain inflammation and severe dehydration can lead to death, especially with young children and immunocompromised people.

If I had measles as a child, am I immune?

Yes — people who have had measles typically have lifelong immunity. However, vaccination is still recommended if you’re not sure of your immunity.

Can adults get vaccinated?

Yes — adults who have never been vaccinated or are not sure of their vaccination status should get the MMR vaccine.

What should I do if I think I have measles?

Call your health care provider immediately. Do not go directly to a clinic, emergency room or hospital without calling first, and wear a mask. This helps to prevent exposing others.

Do I need any more testing if I have documentation of two measles vaccines?

No. If you have documentation showing you received two doses of a measles vaccine (MMR or MMRV), you’re considered immune — no further testing is needed.

What if I only have documentation of one vaccine or can’t find my records?

If you only have one documented dose — or can’t find your vaccine records — you have two options:

  • Ask your provider about a blood test to check if you’re immune.
  • Get another dose of the MMR vaccine — it’s safe to get an extra dose, and there’s no harm in receiving more than two vaccines.
Do I need any testing if it’s been a long time since my last vaccine?

No. Routine testing isn’t recommended. Immunity is considered lifelong after two doses of MMR or MMRV vaccine or after natural infection

Do I need an MMR vaccine if I’m traveling internationally?

Yes. Anyone traveling internationally should be fully vaccinated with two doses of MMR or MMRV.

  • Infants aged 6–11 months should receive one dose of MMR before travel. They will still need two more doses after their first birthday to ensure full protection.
Do I need an MMR vaccine if I’m traveling to an area with a measles outbreak?

If you’re traveling to an area experiencing a measles outbreak, check your vaccination status:

  • If you’re not considered immune (see criteria above), getting an MMR vaccine is recommended.
  • If you have underlying health conditions, talk to your provider before getting vaccinated.
If my child is 6–11 months old and we’re traveling to a U.S. or Canadian city with a measles outbreak, should they get the measles vaccine early?

Yes. If you’re traveling to an area with an active measles outbreak, your child should receive one dose of MMR early.

  • This early dose won’t count toward their routine vaccines. They’ll still need two more doses after their first birthday for full protection.
Are there any medications or supplements that prevent measles?

No. There’s no evidence that supplements — like vitamin A or cod liver oil — can prevent measles. The MMR vaccine is the best way to protect yourself.

Do I need to take any precautions after getting the measles vaccine?
  • Pregnancy should be avoided for 4 weeks after getting the MMR vaccine.
  • You don’t need to avoid others after vaccination. However, if you develop a rash after the vaccine, avoid contact with immunocompromised individuals until the rash clears.
What should I do if I’m exposed to someone with confirmed measles?
  • Get an MMR vaccine within 72 hours of exposure to help prevent infection.
  • If you can’t get the MMR vaccine due to a medical reason, you may receive immunoglobulin (IG) within 6 days of exposure. This can help reduce the risk of severe illness.