{"id":77981,"date":"2025-06-30T11:00:38","date_gmt":"2025-06-30T17:00:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.uchealth.org\/today\/?p=77981"},"modified":"2025-06-30T11:41:00","modified_gmt":"2025-06-30T17:41:00","slug":"es-como-saber-si-padece-mal-de-altura-y-cuando-deberia-preocuparse","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.uchealth.org\/today\/es-como-saber-si-padece-mal-de-altura-y-cuando-deberia-preocuparse\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfC\u00f3mo saber si padece mal de altura y cu\u00e1ndo deber\u00eda preocuparse?"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>
\"Las
Las monta\u00f1as de Colorado son impresionantes, pero tambi\u00e9n pueden causar mal dealtura. La prevenci\u00f3n y el conocer los signos del mal de altura son esenciales. Foto: iStock.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

La \u00faltima vez que fue a esquiar y tuvo dolor de cabeza todo el d\u00eda y no pudo dormir bien esa noche o cuando sus familiares de M\u00e9xico vinieron a visitar el verano pasado y se enfermaron en las monta\u00f1as, probablemente no fue un virus. Usted y ellos, podr\u00edan haber padecido mal de altura.<\/p>\n

Vivir en el Front Range, incluso a 5,000 o 6,000 pies de altura, no lo hace inmune al mal de altura, seg\u00fan el Dr. Todd Bull<\/a>, director m\u00e9dico del Programa Integral de Pulmon\u00eda y Respiraci\u00f3n<\/a> de UCHealth en Anschutz Medical Campus en el \u00e1rea metropolitana de Denver. Bull tambi\u00e9n es el director del programa de Enfermedades Vasculares Pulmonares<\/a> de UCHealth en el mismo campus y supervisa la High Altitude Clinic<\/a> en el programa de PVD.<\/p>\n

\u201cMuchas personas en Colorado experimentan diferentes etapas del mal de altura todos los d\u00edas. Puede tenerlo incluso solo al subir de Denver a 10,000 o 11,000 pies\u201d, dijo Bull, nativo de Grand Junction.<\/p>\n

Aunque es bastante com\u00fan, a menudo no se identifica como mal de altura, lo que dificulta saber con qu\u00e9 frecuencia ocurre realmente.<\/p>\n

\u201cEs dif\u00edcil dar n\u00fameros exactos\u201d, dijo Bull, aunque \u201cla incidencia reportada en visitantes que duermen a 8,000 pies o m\u00e1s es entre el 15 y el 40 por ciento. La incidencia depende de cu\u00e1n alto suban las personas (y desde qu\u00e9 altitud comienzan) y qu\u00e9 tan r\u00e1pido asciendan\u201d.<\/p>\n

\"Dr.
Dr. Todd Bull, director m\u00e9dico del Programa Integral de Pulmon\u00eda y Respiraci\u00f3n de UCHealth.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Los s\u00edntomas m\u00e1s leves incluyen dolor de cabeza, insomnio y n\u00e1useas, pero tambi\u00e9n pueden surgir consecuencias m\u00e1s graves.<\/p>\n

El mal de altura puede evolucionar a mal agudo de monta\u00f1a, que incluye edema cerebral (HACE) o edema pulmonar (HAPE), ambos potencialmente mortales, dijo.<\/p>\n

Los factores de riesgo est\u00e1n relacionados con la velocidad de ascenso<\/p>\n

\u201cSi alguien llega desde Florida o Texas y sube directo a Winter Park o Vail, es m\u00e1s probable que le pase en comparaci\u00f3n a que se aclimate m\u00e1s despacio\u201d, dijo. Si viene del nivel del mar, recomend\u00f3 quedarse en Denver o Colorado Springs o en alg\u00fan lugar del Front Range por una noche para aclimatarse a esa altitud. Con unas 24 horas deber\u00eda ser suficiente.<\/p>\n

\u201cEso ayuda a reducir la incidencia y la gravedad\u201d, dijo.<\/p>\n

Tambi\u00e9n recomend\u00f3 evitar el consumo de alcohol en grandes cantidades durante las primeras 24 a 48 horas, ya que puede empeorar el problema. Adem\u00e1s, evite los sedantes, como las benzodiazepinas: \u201calgunas veces estos pueden agravar m\u00e1s la situaci\u00f3n\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u00bfQui\u00e9n puede pedecer mal de altura?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

No hay una respuesta definitiva a eso, dijo. No parece estar relacionado con la edad o el sexo, aunque las personas con problemas card\u00edacos o pulmonares pueden ser m\u00e1s vulnerables.<\/p>\n

\u201cAparte de eso, no parece haber otros riesgos predefinidos que podamos identificar en este momento\u201d, dijo Bull, aunque es un \u00e1rea de investigaci\u00f3n activa en University of Colorado. \u201cY si ya lo ha tenido antes, hay m\u00e1s probabilidad de que le vuelva a dar\u201d.<\/p>\n

\"Las<\/p>\n

El principio detr\u00e1s del mal de altura es simple, aunque hay muchos aspectos que a\u00fan no se comprenden bien.<\/p>\n

\u201cLo que realmente sucede es que hay niveles m\u00e1s bajos de ox\u00edgeno y presi\u00f3n atmosf\u00e9rica, casi cualquier persona puede ser vulnerable bajo las condiciones adecuadas. Hay una vasoconstricci\u00f3n local debido a la hipoxia (o bajo nivel de ox\u00edgeno). Esto puede provocar tanto las formas leves del mal de altura como los efectos m\u00e1s graves. Y cuanto m\u00e1s r\u00e1pido y alto subas, mayor es el riesgo\u201d.<\/p>\n

UCHealth tiene una Cl\u00ednica llamada High Altitude Clinic espec\u00edficamente para evaluar el mal de altura.<\/p>\n

\u201cPacientes de todo el mundo vienen aqu\u00ed\u201d, dijo. \u201cHemos tenido pacientes que han intentado escalar el Everest y no lo lograron, buscando por ayuda\u201d.<\/p>\n

De hecho, a\u00f1adi\u00f3, \u201cNuestro programa de investigaci\u00f3n cardiovascular y pulmonar ayud\u00f3 a definir gran parte de lo que ahora sabemos sobre los efectos vasculares pulmonares de la altitud\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u00bfEs menos probable que experimente problemas a 10,000 pies si ya vive a 5,000 o 6,000 pies?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u201cEs menos probable. Las personas que vienen de altitudes m\u00e1s bajas son m\u00e1s susceptibles, por supuesto\u201d, dijo. Los visitantes incluso pueden experimentar mal de altura en el Front Range, pero los s\u00edntomas suelen ser leves y no duran mucho. \u201cLos problemas graves realmente rara vez ocurren a esta altitud\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u00bfC\u00f3mo puedo prevenir el mal de altura?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Hidrataci\u00f3n:<\/strong> \u201cmantenerse hidratado es bueno y al principio trata de evitar el alcohol\u201d.<\/p>\n

Aclimataci\u00f3n:<\/strong> suba en incrementos, permitiendo que el cuerpo se ajuste a cada nivel antes de pasar al siguiente.<\/p>\n

Esfuerzo:<\/strong> \u201cmientras se aclimatan, limitar el nivel de esfuerzo puede ayudar. Adem\u00e1s, trate de descansar bien\u201d.<\/p>\n

Medicamentos:<\/strong> \u201chay medicamentos que podemos darle a los pacientes que consideramos de alto riesgo. Hable de esto con su m\u00e9dico\u201d.<\/p>\n

Ox\u00edgeno:<\/strong> \u201csi la situaci\u00f3n es aguda o grave, se puede administrar ox\u00edgeno\u201d.<\/p>\n

Descenso:<\/strong> \u201cdescienda de altitud. Este es el tratamiento m\u00e1s importante y efectivo siempre. Llegar a una altitud m\u00e1s baja es crucial en casos graves, y el ox\u00edgeno debe administrarse como medida temporal al mismo tiempo.<\/p>\n

Para aprender m\u00e1s sobre la Cl\u00ednica de Altura ofrecida a trav\u00e9s del Programa Integral de Pulmon\u00eda y Respiraci\u00f3n<\/a> en el \u00e1rea metropolitana de Denver, llame al 855.586.4824.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La \u00faltima vez que fue a esquiar y tuvo dolor de cabeza todo el d\u00eda y no pudo dormir bien esa noche o cuando sus familiares de M\u00e9xico vinieron a visitar el verano pasado y se enfermaron en las monta\u00f1as, probablemente no fue un virus. Usted y ellos, podr\u00edan haber padecido mal de altura. Vivir […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":70349,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[9192],"tags":[9132],"class_list":["post-77981","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-espanol","tag-traducciones-en-espanol"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u00bfC\u00f3mo saber si padece mal de altura y cu\u00e1ndo deber\u00eda preocuparse? - UCHealth Today<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Cada d\u00eda, en Colorado, la gente experimenta diferentes niveles de mal de altura. 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