{"id":74707,"date":"2024-03-20T14:59:11","date_gmt":"2024-03-20T20:59:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.uchealth.org\/today\/?p=74707"},"modified":"2024-03-20T14:59:11","modified_gmt":"2024-03-20T20:59:11","slug":"understanding-muscle-spasticity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.uchealth.org\/today\/understanding-muscle-spasticity\/","title":{"rendered":"Understanding muscle spasticity"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\" class=\"sharethis-inline-share-buttons\" ><\/div><figure id=\"attachment_74782\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-74782\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-74782\" src=\"https:\/\/uchealth-wp-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2024\/03\/20113259\/GettyImages-1323488463-PT-woman-arm-web.webp\" alt=\"What is muscle spaticity, and how can people get relief? Photo: Getty Images.\" width=\"640\" height=\"405\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-74782\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Muscle spasticity can be painful. What is it, and how can you find relief? Photo: Getty Images.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Spasticity is a condition that occurs when muscles tighten abnormally, causing pain and impacting movement. It occurs as a result of injuries and diseases that impact the central nervous system.<\/p>\n<p>Health conditions such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, and brain and spinal cord injuries, can disrupt communication from the brain or spinal cord to muscles.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWith a chronic disorder affecting the central nervous system, the muscle isn\u2019t getting the right information, and the muscle tightens, resulting in spasticity,\u201d said <a href=\"https:\/\/www.uchealth.org\/provider\/tracy-vargas-do\/\">Dr. Tracy Vargas<\/a>, a neurologist with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.uchealth.org\/locations\/uchealth-neurology-clinic-steamboat-springs\/\">UCHealth Neurology Clinic in Steamboat Springs<\/a>. \u201cPatients will talk about feeling tight, having muscle spasms and experiencing a reduced range of motion.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>These overactive muscles can have a broad impact on motion. Spasticity in hand muscles can result in a clenched fist that\u2019s difficult to open, while spasticity in leg muscles can make it difficult to walk.<\/p>\n<p>Various factors can cause symptoms of spasticity to worsen, such as stress, illness and lack of sleep.<\/p>\n<p>While patients can reduce stroke risk factors through diet, lifestyle and regular follow-up with a primary care provider, most conditions that cause spasticity, such as multiple sclerosis, cannot be prevented.<\/p>\n<p>Vargas encourages patients to seek treatment early on. Untreated spasticity can result in contractures, in which muscles, joints, tendons and other tissues tighten so much, movement is no longer possible.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cYou can surgically release it, but you\u2019ll never get more function,\u201d Vargas said.<\/p>\n<p>Various treatments can help prevent contractures and improve spasticity.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe\u2019re using these therapies not only to reduce the risk of joint contractures, but also to help improve function of the limb and improve overall quality of lifestyle,\u201d Vargas said.<\/p>\n<p>One option is medication. While medications can help relax muscles and reduce spasticity, patients can\u2019t always tolerate side effects.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThere is the potential to have adverse side effects like sedation or cognitive changes,\u201d Vargas said. \u201cPeople will sometimes say they don\u2019t like how they feel on these specific medications, which sometimes limits dosing and overall use.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Targeted therapies, such as injecting Botox into affected muscles, have seen good success. Botox is a neurotoxin that paralyzes muscles for a limited time. Treating overactive muscles with the toxin can decrease spasticity and allow patients to experience more typical movement patterns.<\/p>\n<p>For instance, Botox injections in spastic hand muscles may allow the hand to relax and open, making daily activities easier and allowing for improved hygiene. Injections in spastic leg muscle may result in more stability when walking and may help normalize someone\u2019s gait.<\/p>\n<p>Botox injections often work in conjunction with muscle relaxers: once Botox takes effect, patients may find a much lower dose of a muscle relaxer helps them reduce spasticity without the side effects.<\/p>\n<p>While spasticity is a chronic condition, treatment can make a big difference in a patient\u2019s life.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe more we can treat it, the less progressive and debilitating it can become,\u201d Vargas said. \u201cA lot of patients have less discomfort. They often have an improved range of motion. We\u2019re not going to cure it, but we can treat it and help manage it to improve people\u2019s quality of life.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Treating spasticity requires a team approach. A neurologist, a physical therapist, an occupational therapist and a speech therapist may all play a role.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cHaving your team behind you is really important,\u201d said <a href=\"https:\/\/www.uchealth.org\/provider\/patricia-bobryk-pt\/\">Patty Bobryk<\/a>, a neurologic physical therapist with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.uchealth.org\/locations\/uchealth-sportsmed-clinic-steamboat-springs\/\">UCHealth SportsMed Clinic<\/a> in Steamboat Springs. \u201cWe can look at the whole person, understand the issues and help support the best outcomes.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Initial assessment<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>When someone is referred to physical therapy for spasticity, one of the first steps is to assess muscle movements. Understanding which muscles have tightened abnormally helps determine next steps.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe arm might be tight with a bent elbow and fisted hand, or the leg might be difficult to bend at the knee with a foot that\u2019s turned in or positioned down,\u201d Bobryk said. \u201cIt happens involuntarily and might limit you from being able to move out of that pattern of movement.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Targeted medications for muscle spasticity<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Oral medications and targeted Botox injections can help provide relief. A collaborative approach is key: a physical therapist may determine where the injection would be most useful, and then a neurologist injects the drug.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe\u2019re the movement and muscle people and really study anatomy and function of muscles,\u201d Bobryk said. \u201cIf you\u2019re trying to relax a flexed-back wrist, we can identify the muscles that flex it back and inject those. It\u2019s very targeted.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Three to four weeks after injection, Bobryk will reevaluate the patient and may suggest changes to the dosage or location of the next injection.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe\u2019re able to determine if this did what we wanted it to do,\u201d she said. \u201cIt isn\u2019t something that\u2019s a one-and-done. The first set of injections may not give the person their optimal results.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Though it can take time, results can be surprisingly good.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cOne patient had a stroke many years ago, and we did injections in the upper body for a bent elbow and pain in the shoulder. The patient saw decreased pain, and the arm was more relaxed, so the patient wasn\u2019t as self-conscious,\u201d Bobryk said. \u201cWith lower extremities, I get a lot of feedback from patients that it makes a difference in their ability to move: their toe doesn\u2019t catch as much, their ankle is in a better position. Those are all real wins for us.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Physical therapy regimen helps with muscle spasticity<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Stretching, strengthening opposing muscles, and rhythmical, reciprocal movements, such as riding a bike or walking, can help normalize movement patterns.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cExercise and stretching are key,\u201d Bobryk said. \u201cJust putting weight on these muscles can send a message to the brain, which responds, \u2018Oh, you want me to put weight on the leg? I can decrease spasticity a bit.\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Splinting or bracing can keep the joint or extremity in more optimal positions, reducing pain and preventing structural changes.<\/p>\n<p>Electrical stimulation may decrease tightness. Cold or heat sometimes help, though Bobryk cautions that effects vary and, in some cases, cold or heat can worsen the condition.<\/p>\n<p>Pain from spasticity may increase at night, making it difficult to sleep. Stretching, rhythmic or reciprocal exercises, and getting into a position that opposes the spasticity can help.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>An individualized approach for people with spasticity<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Treatment is tailored to each patient.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThere\u2019s not a one-size-fits-all treatment when it comes to spasticity,\u201d Bobryk said.<\/p>\n<p>One truth always holds: it\u2019s easier to treat the condition sooner rather than later.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>\u201cIt\u2019s a lot easier to treat something when it\u2019s mild rather than when it has become so significant, it\u2019s impairing your function,\u201d Bobryk said.<\/p>\n<p>But even if symptoms have been ongoing, it\u2019s not too late to seek help.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhether you have had a recent injury or an old injury that\u2019s causing spasticity, it\u2019s never too late to investigate what options are available to have a better outcome and manage spasticity better,\u201d Bobryk said.<\/p>\n<p><i>This story first appeared in the Steamboat Pilot.<\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Spasticity is a condition that occurs when muscles tighten abnormally, causing pain and impacting movement. It occurs as a result of injuries and diseases that impact the central nervous system. Health conditions such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, and brain and spinal cord injuries, can disrupt communication from the brain or spinal cord to [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2163,"featured_media":74782,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[65,130,395],"class_list":["post-74707","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-healthy-living","tag-pain-care-and-management","tag-rehabilitation","tag-sports-medicine"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.2 (Yoast SEO v27.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Understanding muscle spasticity - UCHealth Today<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Spasticity occurs when muscles tighten abnormally, causing pain and impacting movement. Learn more about it and how you can find relief.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.uchealth.org\/today\/understanding-muscle-spasticity\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Understanding muscle spasticity\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Spasticity occurs when muscles tighten abnormally, causing pain and impacting movement. Learn more about it and how you can find relief.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.uchealth.org\/today\/understanding-muscle-spasticity\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"UCHealth Today\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/uchealthorg\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-03-20T20:59:11+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/uchealth-wp-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2024\/03\/20113259\/GettyImages-1323488463-PT-woman-arm-web.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Susan Cunningham, for UCHealth\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@uchealth\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@uchealth\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Susan Cunningham, for UCHealth\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uchealth.org\/today\/understanding-muscle-spasticity\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uchealth.org\/today\/understanding-muscle-spasticity\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Susan Cunningham, for UCHealth\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uchealth.org\/today\/#\/schema\/person\/f2737182b44781de4109fdd5dd464270\"},\"headline\":\"Understanding muscle spasticity\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-03-20T20:59:11+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uchealth.org\/today\/understanding-muscle-spasticity\/\"},\"wordCount\":1201,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uchealth.org\/today\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uchealth.org\/today\/understanding-muscle-spasticity\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/uchealth-wp-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2024\/03\/20113259\/GettyImages-1323488463-PT-woman-arm-web.webp\",\"keywords\":[\"Pain management\",\"rehabilitation\",\"Sports medicine\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Healthy living\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uchealth.org\/today\/understanding-muscle-spasticity\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.uchealth.org\/today\/understanding-muscle-spasticity\/\",\"name\":\"Understanding muscle spasticity - UCHealth Today\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uchealth.org\/today\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uchealth.org\/today\/understanding-muscle-spasticity\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uchealth.org\/today\/understanding-muscle-spasticity\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/uchealth-wp-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2024\/03\/20113259\/GettyImages-1323488463-PT-woman-arm-web.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-03-20T20:59:11+00:00\",\"description\":\"Spasticity occurs when muscles tighten abnormally, causing pain and impacting movement. 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